Journal of Agricultural Sciences, Belgrade 2024 Volume 69, Issue 3, Pages: 299-311
https://doi.org/10.2298/JAS2403299H
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Field test, research and results of a flexible machine with a rotor
Fataliev Kamil Hatam (Agromechanika, Scientific Research Institute, Laboratory Mechanization of Crop Production, Ganja City, Azerbaijan)
Qurbanov Huseyn Nuraddin (Agromechanika, Scientific Research Institute, Laboratory Mechanization of Crop Production, Ganja City, Azerbaijan)
Nagiyev Elmar Mammadcafar (Agromechanika, Scientific Research Institute, Laboratory Mechanization of Crop Production, Ganja City, Azerbaijan)
Science-based farming systems have proven that the soil layer after plowing
contains 100-200 million to 2-3 billion weed seeds per hectare, 70-90% of
which can be destroyed by harrowing before and after emergence. Pre-sowing
cultivation with rotor trowels leads to the development of seeds in the soil
and the creation of an aeration process for the root system during the
growing season, which improves plant development and productivity. A
flexible trowel with a rotor was developed in our laboratory. Constructive
and technological parameters were analyzed using the experimental planning
method and optimal results were obtained, considering the diameter of the
rotor and the speed of the unit as the main influencing factors. The
“percentage of lump crushing” was the output parameter, and the “soil
moisture” was the input parameter. The regression equation and diagrams were
obtained from the mathematical analysis. Optimally, based on 4 experiments,
the unit speed V=15 km/h, the cultivation depth 5-10 cm, and the rotor
diameter D=380 mm were selected. The technological operations carried out
using a flexible trowel with a rotor made 81.28% of the lump crushing in the
soil, which had a significant effect of 95% on the development of the sown
seeds. In the field test, the degree of “lump crushing” was studied in the
soil with a moisture content of 18-24%. It was found that the fraction of
soil with a size of less than 10 mm amounted to 51%.The size of the lumps
was 10-25, those of 25-50 and 50- 100 mm made up 18%, 13% and 14% of the
soil, respectively. The size of lumps above 100 mm made up 4% of the soil.
Keywords: machine, lump crushing, soil, rotor, flexible trowel
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